High concernPlasticizer
Dibutyl phthalate
PhthalateEndocrine disruptorReproductive toxicant
What it is
A short-chain ortho-phthalate diester, colourless oily liquid with mild aromatic odour.
What it does
Provides flexibility and film-forming properties. Historically used in nail polish to prevent chipping and in fragrance formulations as a solvent.
Why it’s a concern
DBP is classified by the EU as a reproductive toxicant category 1B (presumed human reproductive toxicant). Rodent studies show it reduces anogenital distance in male offspring, a biomarker of fetal androgen suppression, at surprisingly low doses. Major nail polish brands phased DBP out after 2006 following California Proposition 65 listing and EU restrictions.
Also known as
DBPdi-n-butyl phthalatebutyl phthalate
CAS numbers
84-74-2
Commonly found in
nail polishfragrancehair spray
Safer alternatives
- 5-free or 10-free nail polish formulas
- acetyl tributyl citrate
Related chemical families
Sources
- EU CLP Classification
- California Proposition 65 List